The self-made alcoholic drinks in Russia are called "samogon",
that in recalculation and means self-maintained fabrication
of drinks by an expedient of distillation. Samogon - traditional
Russian drink which is not succumbing on quality to other
drinks, for example, rum. If to compare know-how of cooking,
we shall not find essential differences, except for raw, from
which one they are plotted. Practically, the rum represents
a not clean drink samogon.
According to statistics, 40 % of vodkas acting in sale, are
vodka of poor production made with disturbances of the demands
of the standard. Between that, each of us has an opportunity
to be completely free from concerns of the schemer and companies
- monopolies, having adjusted production of vodka and other
alcoholic drinks in home requirements. Having spent on cooking
of alcoholic drinks the time and work, we not only essentially
economize our family budget, but also we shall maintain the
health.
Here we shall not be started up in long reasonings on cooking
samogon, fabrication samogon of vehicles and so further. We
shall esteem only initial items of information on technological
processes of fabrication and the clearing of a drink samogon
- without it cannot be made an excellent drink for ourselves
and friends.
Know-How of Cooking of a Drink Samogon
To cook a good drink it is possible only at rigorous keeping
of the technological demands at all stages of process.
At cooking a drink evolve following technological stages:
- Select and opening-up of a feed stock;
- Process of fermenting;
- Distillation;
- Clearing a drink;
- Meliorating quality.
The theory and practice of distillation
 The
distillation calls process of heating of fluid up to boiling
point with the subsequent condensation of steams(vapors).
There are not so many expedients and receptions of distillation.
The maiden reception - is a skill to carry out(spend) fractional
distillation,, that is to learn to cut easily boiling head
factions oozed in an incipient state of distillation, and
caudal, boiling at temperature more 97把 (is high-gravity
boiling fractions), from the basic fraction, at which one
the clean ethanol is distilled off.
The bulk of the maiden fraction compounds 3-8 % from total
amount of alcohol in solution. This fraction for the alimentary
purposes is unsuitable and will be utillized only for technical
needs. Bulk of the basic fraction (ethanol) compounds 75-85
%.
The third fraction contains fusel oils and small quantity(amount)
of ethanol and compounds
8-10 %. This fraction usually accumulate and distillate, abiding
the same principles of separation of separate fractions.
Practically separation conduct as follows
 For
example, in a tank for distillation three liters of raw are
pledged. Roughly yield of a drink samogon will make, depending
on skill of the parent, 800-1000 mls. It means, that the maiden
fraction, which one assemble separately and will not utillize
for the alimentary purposes will make about 40-50 mls. The
second, basic fraction (clean ethanol), will make about 680-950
mls and, at last, third fraction (with fusel oils) will make
in a sectional example 80-100 mls. Sampleing for the alimentary
purposes only second fraction, we already during the maiden
distillation are released from a considerable proportion of
the unhealthy men of matters.
At the second distillation will utillize the same reception
on clearing a drink samogon. Having added in a distilled second
fraction 350-425 mls of water from a spring, do(make) the
second distillation with keeping of the same principles of
separation main and tailpieces of distillation. After the
second distillation received(obtained) 650-850 mls samogon
practically will not contain harmful matters. However distillations
on reception of a clean drink should be supplemented by chemical
methods of clearing, which one put away from samogon the waste
matters, which have stayed at distillations present in solution.
At distillation it is necessary to remember, that the fluid,
containing alcohol, - not water and begins to boil earlier.
The boil of mild admixtures contained in raw, begins at temperature
65-68ㄑ (methanol - 64,7把 , Acetum - methylic Aether - 57,1把
, Acetum - solvent ether 77,8把 and so further). The ethanol
boils at temperature 78, 1把.
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